Revista Master - Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão

A Depressão ao olhar da Psicanálise: um panorama histórico e conceitual do mal que afeta a sociedade contemporânea.

Fabiana Dias Nunes — 2025-08-08

Depression is one of the main contemporary forms of illness, which is characterized by depressive mood, deep sadness, apathy, irritability, decreased and/or inability to feel pleasure, emotional lability, discouragement and anguish. The objective of this article was to carry out a theoretical search, in order to investigate and analyze depression in contemporary times, understanding its origin and epistemology from a panoramic investigation covering its historicity, identifying social determinants that are related to the disease. The present study is a bibliographical review, through the consultation of scientific articles selected in the Scielo and Lilacs database, using for the search, descriptors such as depression, melancholy, depression in contemporary times, and an integrative review that Its purpose was to obtain a deep understanding of depression that began with Freudian theory and contributions from classic and contemporary authors that allowed us a greater range of information on the topic.

From the study, it was possible to observe, think, discuss, formulate and conclude, within the psychoanalytic perspective, the association between melancholy and inhibition as an individual's response to the libidinal drive loss that occurs in the processing of grief and how each psychic device interprets the trauma. Depression and its close relationship to the clinical neuroses, which is constituted during the crossing of Oedipus, and as a form of suffering that goes beyond the biological field and also articulates with the field of culture, its connection with the tension between subjectivity and reality, and the imperative of enjoyment produced by capitalism in modern societies.

INFLUENCE OF MATERNAL GUT MICROBIOTA ON PREGNANCY

Ana Clara Moreira Gonçalves — 2025-08-08

The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in maternal and infant health, influencing everything from digestion to immune balance and fetal development. During pregnancy, the mother's microbiota undergoes significant changes that reflect the physiological needs of pregnancy, impacting the health of the pregnant woman and fetal development. This study reviews existing literature to explore the influence of maternal intestinal microbiota on gestational health and outcomes. The review was conducted between January and March 2025, analyzing 13 articles addressing the impact of the intestinal microbiome on gestational complications, including its interactions with the immune and metabolic systems of the pregnant woman. Literature analysis showed that intestinal dysbiosis was associated with adverse conditions such as birth complications and metabolic disorders, as well as negatively affecting fetal development. Studies suggest that modulation of the microbiota, through interventions like probiotics, could improve gestational outcomes and prevent chronic diseases in offspring. Additionally, the interaction between the maternal microbiome and epigenetic processes in the placenta may have a lasting impact on the baby's health. The research emphasizes the importance of monitoring maternal intestinal health and its influence on the immune system, offering new approaches for preventive and therapeutic strategies in gestational health.

Microbiology of excellence: a bibliographical review of the crucial microorganisms in the fermentation of high quality coffee.

Jullia Barbosa — 2025-08-08

This study reviews the influence of fermentation on coffee aiming to enhance the production of high-quality specialty beverages. Initially, an analysis of pre- and post-harvest factors influencing the sensory quality of coffee is presented, with emphasis on fermentation by microorganisms. Using a descriptive approach, it was observed that fermentations can occur from fruit ripening to the drying stage, impacting the sensory and safety quality of the final product. Additionally, common coffee processing techniques and their relationship with beverage quality were evaluated, highlighting physicochemical analyses for product characterization. Results indicate that controlled coffee fermentation can yield beverages with special aromas and flavors, adding value to the final product. It is concluded that proper fermentation control can be a promising strategy for producers seeking specialty coffees with distinctive sensory characteristics.

Factors influencing self-medication among medical students

Júlia Régia Vieira Ramos — 2025-08-08

Self-medication (SM) consists of obtaining and using medicines without medical advice in order to treat self-diagnosed illnesses. This practice can have serious health consequences, alter diagnoses and promote drug resistance, among other factors. In view of this, this study aims to carry out a qualitative narrative review, analyzing the factors that influence self-medication in medical students. The following descriptors were used: "self medication", "students", "medicine" and "health", searched in the ScienceDirect, PubMed, Periódico Capes and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde(BVS) databases, from 2018 to 2023, in order to include publications in English and Portuguese.

Steroids and Cardiovascular Risks: Long-Term Adverse Effects and Their Relationship with Regular Physical Activity

Ana Clara Moreira Gonçalves — 2025-08-08

The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) has become common to enhance physical performance but is associated with a range of significant cardiovascular complications, even among physically active individuals. This article reviews the adverse effects of AAS on the heart and blood vessels, discussing how physical exercise can influence these effects, either partially mitigating or exacerbating the risks. The review included articles from 2020 to 2024, based on searches in the PubMed, SciELO, and BVS databases, where studies addressing the cardiovascular effects of AAS and the influence of physical exercise were selected. The results suggest that although exercise may partially attenuate some of the negative effects of AAS, it cannot fully eliminate the risks, especially in cases of prolonged use and high doses. Therefore, even with beneficial adaptations induced by exercise, cardiovascular damage remains high, underscoring the importance of a cautious approach to AAS use and the need for continuous medical monitoring to minimize cardiovascular health risks.

The impact of digital technologies on child health and development

Ana Clara Moreira Gonçalves — 2025-08-08

The incorporation of digital technologies and their use in the daily lives of young people has rapidly increased over the past few decades, becoming integrated at earlier stages of life, with potential impacts on children's development and mental health. This article reviews the impact of early exposure of children to different forms of digital media on child development, based on key scientific findings regarding the effects of this exposure, with an emphasis on understanding possible harms and benefits. The review included articles from 2020 to 2024, based on searches in the PubMed, SciELO, and BVS databases, selecting studies that address the impact of digital technologies on child health and development. The results suggest that early and prolonged exposure to digital screens has shown significant impacts on child development, particularly in areas such as cognition, behavior, and motor skills. Therefore, when used in moderation and with proper supervision, digital technologies can contribute to development, especially in terms of communication and vocabulary acquisition.

Novas formas de parentalidade: O Mal-Estar do abandono e o amparo na adoção.

Derik Ferreira de Freitas — 2025-08-08

Despite the fact that Sigmund Freud (1929) theorized that human beings are desirous and incomplete, and therefore will never find full satisfaction, this topic is still a source of anguish and frustration. Many people end up attributing the expectation of full happiness to the creation of families, and even bet on the conception of children as the key to finding this supposed fullness. In this context, faced with some issues encountered by couples, adoption becomes one

of the feasible ways of conceiving children. However, the new families encounter challenges and responsibilities, and are often faced with anguish and a sense of frustration at the adoption.

Therefore, by means of a bibliographical review, this paper sought to assess the extent to which abandonment and support in adoption accentuate or attenuate the discomfort of new forms of family formation. By insisting on a necessary family, but one that produces unease, we want to displace this mode of entanglement from idealized perspectives for both adoptive and biological families.

Keywords: adoption; unease; abandonment; families.

Psicologia Perinatal: uma revisão bibliográfica dos aspectos psicológicos da gestação, parto e pós-parto

Lorenna Ferreira Silva — 2025-08-08

Perinatal Psychology is an area of Psychology dedicated to the emotional support of pregnant women, postpartum women and families, covering everything from pregnancy to postpartum, with the aim of promoting mental health, strengthening the mother-baby bond and helping to face challenges such as perinatal grief and adapting to the physical and psychological changes of motherhood. This article aims to bring to the table the importance of Perinatal Psychology, based on a bibliographic review of the subject, presenting important questions about this period that involves the gestational and puerperal process, psychological issues, bodily changes and acceptance of the new life with a baby. The methodology used was a bibliographic review in which the main transformations experienced by women during this period were discussed, including bodily changes, social pressures and the romanticization of motherhood, which often generates frustration in the face of reality. The psychological impacts of complications such as prematurity, miscarriages and medical conditions associated with pregnancy were also discussed, highlighting the need for humanized professional support. Finally, the importance of Perinatal Psychology was reinforced in deconstructing myths and embracing diverse maternal experiences, aiming for a healthier transition to motherhood.

PREVALENCE OF GESTATIONAL SYPHILIS IN THE CITY OF ARAGUARI-MG FROM 2010 TO 2021

Angelinna Fraga Guimarães — 2025-08-08

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Transmission occurs primarily through sexual contact, but it can also be vertically transmitted (from an infected mother to the fetus). This study aims to identify cases of Gestational Syphilis (GS) in Araguari, MG, between the years 2010 and 2021. Method: The analysis of GS was conducted through a retrospective cross-sectional study using secondary data (DATASUS) from individuals with reported cases during the specified period. Results: 627 cases of acquired syphilis were identified in Araguari from 2010 to 2021, with 172 reported cases of GS. Discussion: There was an observed increase in the number of reported GS cases in 2018, attributed to state initiatives aimed at more efficient tracking, early intervention, and reducing the incidence of GS and congenital syphilis (CS) in the country. Additionally, there was an increase in the number of pregnant women receiving prenatal care, leading to a decline in CS cases in the municipality of Araguari-MG between 2017 and 2018, demonstrating the effectiveness of prenatal care. Conclusion: The results indicate a significant increase in reported GS cases in 2018 due to state initiatives for more efficient tracking and early intervention. Prenatal care has proven effective in reducing CS cases.

Acompanhamento dos fatores de agravo da saúde do idoso no município de Araguari: uma percepção do Agente Comunitário De Saúde

Maria Eduarda Bessa Ribeiro Braga — 2025-08-08

The population aging and the longevity increase are real challenges for Community Health Agent (CHA) work. There are few studies that approach the acting of these workers with seniors, thus, the objective of this study si to analyze the perception of the CHAs regarding the guidelines aimed at the elderly health and, from that, compare the frequency of guidance regarding the time of service and the educational level. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, ni which a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the population, involving sociodemographic issues and questions related to health care guidance for the elderly. For data analysis the nonparametric G independence hypothesis test was used, and p values lower than 5% results were considered statically significant. nI view of data analysis, it si inferred that there is a relationship between the low number of CHAs who provide guidance about the correct use of medications, treatments, risk factors, healthy eating, physical activity and individual risk stratification with the fact of receiving or not a continued education. Therefore, according to the analyzed data, it si noticed that the initial CHA training si sufficient for elderly orientation, however, asignificant relation was observed between the continuing education received by CHA and provided orientation to the elderly, highlighting the need of effective implementation of these educational actions in the work environment.

Comparison of the Effects of Three Induced Fermentation Treatments on Coffee Quality: An Experimental Study

Emanuela Sardela Cafrune — 2025-08-08

Submerged fermentation emerges as a promising technique in the production of specialty coffees, subjecting beans to a controlled anaerobic process where natural microorganisms transform the sensory characteristics of the coffee. This project evaluated three submerged fermentation treatments to produce high-quality specialty coffees. Variables such as fermentation period, microorganism diversity, and physicochemical properties were analyzed. Treatments included the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus, and unrefined sugar, alongside a natural fermentation control. Results showed significant improvement in the beverages. Beans fermented with unrefined sugar scored 86 points, with sensory notes of grape liqueur, jabuticaba, and dark chocolate. The yeast-fermented beverage scored 83 points, featuring caramel and hazelnut aromas with high sweetness. The peeled cherry coffee presented caramel and chocolate aromas with cashew and malt flavors. The study revealed that varying fermentation sources can produce distinct sensory profiles in coffee and that induced submerged fermentation can achieve specialty beverage notes, adding value to the final product.

The Development of Clinical Empathy in Medical Students from a University Center in the Interior of Minas Gerais: A Qualitative Perspective

Mak Alisson Borges de Moraes — 2025-08-08

Introduction: The use of empathy results in better healthcare and, therefore, leads to greater patient satisfaction
with the care provided, which enhances treatment adherence and improves prognosis. However, there is still a gap
in the development of empathy within medical education. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the development
of clinical empathy in medical students at a university center in the interior of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methodology: A
qualitative approach will be used, supported by the phenomenological research method, with data collected
through semi-structured interviews. Results and Discussion: The results indicate that empathy teaching in medical
education is well-structured in the initial periods but faces challenges in practical application during advanced
cycles. Students suggest more realistic simulations and increased clinical practice. The influence of experienced
physicians and teacher training are crucial to consolidating this skill. Conclusion: To overcome these limitations, it is essential to integrate theory and practice more dynamically, train educators, and provide clinical experiences that
enhance the exercise of empathy. This approach will help train more humanized physicians who are better
prepared to handle the complex emotional demands of medical practice.

Impact of the Pandemic on the Incidence Rate of Acquired Syphilis in the Southeast Region of Brazil: A Temporal Analysis

Gabriel Pereira Teixeira — 2025-08-08

Acquired syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, remains a persistent public health challenge in Brazil, with a significant increase in reported cases in recent years. This study aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence rate of acquired syphilis in the Southeast region of Brazil, focusing on individuals aged 20 to 39 years. An ecological study design was adopted, using secondary data from DATASUS and demographic information from IBGE, covering the period from 2018 to 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel® software to assess temporal variations and gender differences. Results indicated an approximate 66% increase in disease incidence during the pandemic, with higher rates among men, yet a noteworthy proportional increase among women. These findings suggest a weakening of surveillance and prevention measures during the pandemic, as well as potential underreporting and barriers to diagnosis and treatment. Study limitations include reliance on the quality of national reporting systems and lack of adjustment for confounding variables. It is concluded that the pandemic significantly affected the epidemiological behavior of syphilis in the region, highlighting the urgent need to strengthen public health policies aimed at early detection, health education, and continuous care, especially in the context of health emergencies.

Análise do conhecimento de conservação de insulina por portadores de Diabetes

Mariana Dias de Resende — 2025-08-08

A diabetes é considerada uma doença crônica altamente prevalente na população brasileira e não tem cura. Para seu controle, faz-se necessário aderir ao tratamento, que na maioria das vezes, é feito com uso de insulina. O principal objetivo deste medicamento é simular a função do hormônio secretado pelas células beta pancreáticas e permitir a entrada da glicose no meio intracelular. Para manter sua potência máxima de efeito e reduzir a variabilidade inesperada da glicemia este medicamento deve ser armazenado conforme orientações dos órgãos competentes, visto que tratando-se de uma molécula proteica as variações de temperatura podem alterar sua propriedade molecular. Esse estudo teve como objetivo identificar como é feito o armazenamento e transporte da insulina pelos pacientes com diabetes do interior de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de uma análise descritiva observacional, de cunho transversal e quantitativo. Para coleta de dados, aplicou-se um questionário exploratório buscando identificar o nível de conhecimento do paciente acerca da conservação da insulina, investigando também questões sociodemográficas dos participantes e a história de sua doença. Ao todo 26 pacientes participaram da pesquisa, 73% com Diabetes Tipo 2 e a maioria do sexo feminino (80,8%). Verificou-se que 19% dos pacientes armazenavam a insulina na porta da geladeira, demonstrando lacunas no conhecimento acerca dos cuidados com a insulina, o que pode impactar no sucesso terapêutico.

Visita Domiciliar do Agente Comunitário de Saúde: Análise e Método de Orientação

Maria Eduarda Bessa Ribeiro Braga — 2025-08-08

The home visit of the community health agent (CHA) is a cornerstone in strengthening Basic Health Care and the
operation of the Basic Family Health Unit in order to meet its goals with quality and efficiency. This work aims to apply
a guidance method to CHAs in the city of Araguari-MG, to contribute to the qualification of home visits. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with quantitative approach in the twenty-three units in the municipality, a semistructured questionnaire was applied before and after applying the guidance method that approaches the main items
necessary for a quality home visit. The Net Promoter Score (NPS) performance indicator was calculated to analyze and
interpret the perception of the CHA work process. As a result, we observed that the general NPS of home visits
increased 9.4%, showing that actions aimed at continuing education promote concrete improvements in the quality of
work of CHAs, especially the ones about home visits, however, more than 40% of those interviewed stated that they
did not received continuing education. According to the results of this research, it was concluded that there was an
improvement in the NPS, demonstrating a better quality of the home visit, however, the continuing education should
be applied more often. Finally, it was observed that more studies about the theme are needed.

Ecological Study on the Administration of Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) in Children in Araguari-MG fom 2018 to 2022

Ágatha Amanda Nogueira Soths — 2025-08-08

Introduction: Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious disease that can cause irreversible paralysis and death, especially in children. In Brazil, the introduction of the oral polio vaccine (OPV) in the 1960s was crucial for eradicating the poliovirus, with the last case reported in 1989. However, the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected childhood vaccination coverage, increasing the risk of reintroducing the disease. This study aims to analyze OPV administration in children in Araguari, Minas Gerais, between 2018 and 2022, identifying adherence levels and potential coverage gaps.

Methods: This is an exploratory ecological study with a quantitative approach, using secondary data from the National Immunization Program Information System (SI-PNI) – DATASUS. The study focused on children aged 1 to 4 years, using population estimates from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) to calculate coverage rates based on the number of doses administered.

Results: OPV coverage rates fluctuated during the study period. Rates were relatively high in 2018 and 2019 but dropped sharply in 2020 and 2021, falling below 60% in some age groups, especially among 1- and 4-year-olds. In 2022, a partial recovery was observed, though coverage remained below the 95% target set by the National Immunization Program (PNI).

Discussion and Conclusion: The decline in coverage is associated with health service disruptions, vaccine hesitancy, and misinformation. The findings underscore the need for strengthened immunization strategies and public awareness to prevent the reemergence of poliomyelitis in Brazil.

Congenital Lumbar Vertebral Synostosis: A Case Report

Vítor Padua Sousa — 2025-08-08

INTRODUCTION: Congenital spinal anomalies are structural irregularities present from birth that can affect health. Congenital vertebral synostosis is a rare condition resulting from improper vertebral fusion during embryonic development (VOLK et al., 2021). Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to prevent complications and ensure quality of life (XIMENES et al., 2004). This article reports the case of a young man with congenital lumbar vertebral synostosis who showed improvement with evidence-based medications. CASE REPORT: A 38-year-old male patient presented with lumbar pain radiating to the lower limbs and paresthesia in the left foot, improving with movement and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs but worsening with rest. He reported an unbalanced diet, sedentary lifestyle, and being overweight. He denied fever, trauma, or muscle weakness. Physical examination showed positive Lasegue and Patrick Fabere signs bilaterally. Initial treatment included advice on healthy habits, physical therapy, and analgesia, along with requesting a lumbar MRI. The exams revealed lumbar spondyloarthrosis, fusion between L2 and L3, and disc bulges touching the dural sac at L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1, leading to the diagnosis of congenital lumbar vertebral synostosis. A new therapeutic approach included Pregabalin and Paracetamol + Codeine, emphasizing physical therapy and a healthy lifestyle. CONCLUSION: This diagnosis represents a clinical challenge due to the lack of a curative treatment. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management to minimize complications and improve the patient's quality of life. Multimodal therapy, including medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes, is essential for symptom control and well-being.