Diabetes Mellitus: pré e pós gestacional

Diabetes Mellitus: pre and post-pregnancy

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is defined as a carbohydrate intolerance due to the lack of insulin production by the pancreas, which impairs the hormonal balance of the pregnant woman and the nutrition of the fetus. Objective: This article aims to analyze the prevention and treatment strategies for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Methodology: The descriptors used were: Diabetes AND treatment, Diabetes AND prevention, Diabetes AND pregnancy, and Diabetes AND pregnancy AND treatment. The study was developed based on a narrative literature review of articles found in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) database. Results: The prevention and treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus are essential for a safe pregnancy. Therefore, it is important to promote both adequate nutrition and the recommended treatment for each case by providing pregnant women with information on vitamins and their importance during this period for both the mother and the baby. In this regard, the analyzed data showed convergence and agreement among the reviewed articles regarding the need for proper nutrition, the importance of understanding existing medications, and, particularly, how these relate to factors of adherence or reluctance toward treatment options. Conclusion: This study highlights the complexity of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and underscores the crucial importance of early diagnosis, adherence to self-care, and an individualized treatment approach. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary perspective, involving various healthcare professionals, and continuous investment in research to improve prevention and treatment strategies, aiming for healthier pregnancies.